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GROWTH AND HERBAGE YIELD OF SEVEN FORAGE LEGUMES IN THE RAIN FOREST ZONE OF NIGERIA

ABSTRACT

This study investigated the growth and herbage yield of seven forage legumes in the rain forest zone of Nigeria, as well as the perceptions and experiences of farmers regarding their cultivation. The results showed that cowpea and soybean were the most commonly cultivated forage legumes, and that the growth and herbage yield of these crops were generally good. The majority of farmers (80%) were aware of the importance of forage legumes in livestock production, and 70% had experience in cultivating them. However, there was a need for improved extension services and access to markets for forage legumes. The study recommends the promotion of forage legumes as a strategic intervention to improve livestock productivity in the region. The findings of this study have implications for the development of sustainable livestock production systems in the rain forest zone of Nigeria.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Study

Forage legumes are an essential component of sustainable livestock production, providing high-quality feed for animals. These plants play a critical role in enhancing soil fertility through biological nitrogen fixation, which improves the productivity of pastures and croplands (Smith et al., 2017). The nutritional benefits of forage legumes, such as high protein content and digestibility, make them a preferred choice for livestock feeding, leading to improved animal health and productivity (Frame et al., 1998). Furthermore, forage legumes contribute to the overall sustainability of agricultural systems by reducing the need for chemical fertilizers, thus mitigating the environmental impacts of farming (Peoples et al., 2009).

The rain forest zone of Nigeria offers a suitable environment for growing various forage legumes, with its rich soil and adequate rainfall providing ideal conditions for their cultivation (Oyenuga, 1967). This region, characterized by a humid climate and fertile soils, supports diverse plant species, including several forage legumes that are well adapted to the local conditions (Oladele et al., 2008). Despite these favorable conditions, the growth and herbage yield of forage legumes in the rain forest zone of Nigeria have not been extensively studied (Adepoju et al., 2017). Limited research on these aspects hampers the development of effective strategies for optimizing their cultivation and utilization (Adebayo et al., 2019).

In addition to the agronomic benefits, forage legumes have significant socio-economic implications for the farming communities in the rain forest zone of Nigeria. Smallholder farmers, who constitute the majority of the agricultural workforce, rely heavily on livestock for their livelihoods (Afolayan et al., 2012). The availability of high-quality forage legumes can enhance livestock productivity, leading to increased income and improved living standards for these farmers (Babayemi et al., 2006). Therefore, understanding the growth dynamics and herbage yield of forage legumes is crucial for devising strategies that can enhance livestock production and