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DESIGN AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN AUTOMATIC VOLTAGE REGULATOR

ABSTRACT

This project proposes a new type of voltage regulator based on single-phase converter otherwise known as transformerless AVR that compensates wide range voltage variations. This is not only capable of compensating variations at a much higher bandwidth but also does not experience mechanical wear down and is cost effective. The proposed device employs a pulse width modulation (PWM) z-source ac–ac converter along with a simple closed loop control. High speed MOSFETs are used as bi-directional switch of the ac–ac converter and the circuit ultimately can easily and steadily maintain regulated voltage supply to the end user. The whole system operating principle and analysis are provided.

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

In the world today for example our country Nigeria, the electricity power delivered to consumers either at their homes or offices is not upheld at an agreed voltage approximately 220volts as a result of voltage fluctuation from the supply of the power system. This voltage fluctuation occurs as a result of sudden changes in the real and reactive power drawn by loads. This fluctuating current that is drawn from the supply causes an additional voltage drops in the power system leading to fluctuation in the supply voltage [1]. Nevertheless, it is relevant to maintain a constant voltage level so as to protect and elongate the life span of the various delicate electrical and electronic gadgets used in our homes and offices from the effect of over voltage and under voltage that may occur as a result of faults arising in the power system through the use of an automatic voltage regulator [1].

According to [2], an Automatic voltage regulator is an electrical device that is used to sense inappropriate voltage levels and correct them to produce a stable output at the port where the load is to be connected. However, this project was designed and constructed using double conversion electronic voltage regulator (EVR) method that uses a rectifier to convert AC power toDCpower and then uses an inverter to convert the DC power back to AC.