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CO-OPERATIVE SOCIETIES AND RURAL DEVELOPMENT

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Generally, cooperative data traced back to nineteenth century has spread to the whole world including Nigeria. The main objective of the movement is to improve or meet the common need by mutual assistance and improving both the social and economic of the masses of the countries of the nation through increased production and mutual understanding.

In all the countries of the world toady both developed and developing countries the efforts of the government is geared towards the socio- economic development of the masses. The common task which the government and the citizens is on how the communities development is to be achieved.

In pursuing this goal, one of the tools used is the formation of the co-operative societies. The cooperative societies can be seen from perspective be seen from many directions. But in words of Beko (1989:5) defined cooperative as an association of persons, with variable membership and variable capital who have pooled themselves and their resources together on mutual or self help basks to form a business enterprises which seeks to solve the socio- economic problems of there members by directly providing goods and services to them in their capacity as either owner/ customer or owner/ employee of the cooperative. We will observe certain important points. One is that membership of the society is voluntary and the perspective members must be free unlike the factory system which is known as the capitalist system brought along with it many evils both from green land vans on the factory workers and the society as a whole. The working class suffered many hardship both from green land various factors owners and from traders and also the middlemen.

The hardship suffered by the factory worker industry were very low wages long hours work, industry living and working conditions high price of goods, adulteration of goods and short weight and measures. As a result of all the problems directed on the working class the only option left for them was to form an association that would cater for their common problems. This resulted in formation of cooperative societies.

In Nigeria the history of cooperative movement dates to the 1930s the main aim of the colonial masters them was to organize farm land where farmers would cultivate on and produce cash crops like plan cocoa, and rubber. These farm land were cater organized into registered group after acquiring the required legislation. The purpose of increasing production. Processing and marketing of their product which at that time was major foreign exchange for the government.

A later, cooperative thrift and credit society was introduced in the other part of the country. Since then the cooperative movement has witnessed tremendous growth. It is now more apartment than ever before that cooperative are not social units that exists at the mercy of the government but actually are forms of business which aimed at being liable economic units. Indeed cooperative societies have become well known as an instrument of

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