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THE EFFECT OF THE USE OF SCIENCE INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS ON THE PERFORMANCE OF STUDENTS

 

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY

Every human being has an element of curiosity in him, which when added to interest leads an individual to be involved in the act of inquiry. However, the degree of which this act of curiosity develops in an individual defers. The act of inquiry is a fundamental part of science. Science as defined by professional; body ids an interconnected series of concepts and conceptual science that have develop, as a result of experimentation and observation and are fruitful of further observation and experimentation.  Science deals with observation, testing of observed facts, hearing, seeing; touching learning materials for learning should be presented in a manner as to provide students with the opportunity to become actively involved intellectually, perceptually and physically.  

Inspite of the varied idea people hold about science there is no doubt that science  has formed  an integral part of our well being and a vital instrument  for rapid industrial  development of any nation. It is therefore of great paramount importance  for any nation to integrate science in her  educational  programme. Professor Babs Fafuwa once said that “a nation who overlook the significance  of science in our age is at her own peril”. Science in this age he noted, has obviously become a necessary tool of good living, good health, good home making and to leisure and of paramount importance to national security. Hence most educational planners over the year have realized the essence of science as a useful element of nation building and have therefore attempted  to give science subject the necessary attention in post primary education.

Most educational planner over the years have realized the essence of science as a useful element of nation building and have therefore attempted to give science subject the necessary attention in post primary education.  Similarly, teaching  of science  should  be as a way of taught, inquiry, attitude  or as a product by laying  emphasis on the importance  of science  instructional aids and invariably  the need for the provision and  use of necessary  science equipment in the process of teaching chemistry . The science instructional  material, according  to Professor Babs “the role of science  in Nigeria  today and tomorrow”  journal of science teachers  association  of Nigeria has been seen by pinchers tamir as “a place where students are engaged in hands and activities  such as observation and experiments.

        Science instructional materials in its ramification were used for the purpose of achieving specific purpose. Science teaching materials can be used to described  things as they are for the  description  of principles and used to described things as they are  for the description  of principles  and reversibility, hypothetic, reasoning and problem  solving ability. The use of science teaching  materials  as a channel of communication promote the interest of students, focus,  concentrate  and gear the students attitude  towards  learning  by practical. Science instructional materials promote effective and efficient instruction, facilitate and help to achieve behavioral objectives.

This study on the effect of the use of science  instructional material on the performance  of students in Chemistry  at senior secondary school level will  attempt  to offer a broad  base for the need  to making the learning  of science in particular  to been seen as a way of thought  of attitude  or of products.

1.3    STATEMENT OF PROBLEM

         The main problem of this study is to examine the possible effects of the following:-

Do schools with appropriate science equipment  perform better in senior school certificate  examination than  school without  appropriate  equipments? Do school with instructional materials and trained science perform better in science than school with science aids but untrained teachers  in science? Do students in school were science equipment, make use of the equipment? Does the laziness of students affect the use of instructional material in schools? PURPOSE OF STUDY

The main purpose of this is to determine the effects of teaching aids on the performance on students in chemistry   at senior school certificate examination level Edo state

        It is assumed however that the final findings of this research work will provide basic for making useful recommendation that will help solve the problem.

HYPOTHESIS

In this study the following hypothesis will be tested

Those schools with appropriate science instructional materials perform better in senior school certificate in chemistry examination than schools without appropriate science instruction materials.               That school with instructional material and trained science teachers perform chemistry in senior secondary school certificate examination than schools with untrained teachers in science. That schools where the students make use of the science instructional material is their chemistry classes perform better than schools, which make less use of the science instructional material in their chemistry classes. That student who makes use of science workshop perform better than students who make less use of science workshop. That the laziness of students towards practical lesson in Chemistry   performs less than students who are always ready to practicalize science activities with improved materials.

1.6       SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY

 The  findings  of this study is hoped would help the ministry of education in providing science instructional  material  or the teachers improvising the instructional  material  that are not available in secondary schools and facilitates  the teaching Chemistry  in secondary schools and  facilitates  the teaching chemistry  in secondary schools.

        The government will also be made aware of the need to professionalize teaching. It will also enable the government and other concern body to acquaint with science instructional materials that are impeded in secondary schools. The study will help the students to thinking and his/her own manipulate skill or ability.

        The next effect of this however is the fact that the government stands to realize her desire aim, which is that of producing individual who is capable of acquiring appropriate skills, abilities and competence both mental and physical stands for individuals.

1.7       SCOPE OF STUDY (DELIMITATION)

Due to financial problem and time limit, the study will be limited to file secondary schools in some local government area in Edo State.     

1.9    DEFINITION OF TERMS

Science teaching material: - material which help to assist or promote the process of teaching Chemistry

Improvised Material: - teaching material locally made by the teachers, with any available matter.

Inquiry: The search for scientific information

Observation: - A systematic and carefully study of events.

Trained Teachers: - Teachers with educational qualification e.g. T.C II, NCE. B.ED, M.ED etc.

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