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Morphological Variation of the Intertubercular Sulcus Among Undergraduate Students

Abstract

The intertubercular sulcus, also known as the bicipital groove, is a longitudinal depression located between the greater and lesser tubercles of the proximal humerus. It provides a pathway for the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle and serves as an important anatomical landmark in the shoulder region. Variations in the morphology and dimensions of the intertubercular sulcus may influence its relationship with the biceps tendon and surrounding structures. The study will therefore investigate the morphological variation of the intertubercular sulcus among undergraduate students. The study will identify and classify the different morphological patterns of the intertubercular sulcus among the participants. It will also determine selected dimensions of the sulcus, including its width, depth, and other relevant morphometric characteristics. The study will further establish the frequency and distribution of the observed morphological patterns and provide descriptive information on variation in the proximal humeral region. A cross-sectional descriptive research design will be adopted for the study. Undergraduate students will be selected using an appropriate sampling technique, and the intertubercular sulcus will be assessed using standardized anatomical landmarks and measurement procedures. Morphological characteristics and relevant dimensions will be obtained through appropriate osteological or imaging-based assessment methods, depending on the study setting and available materials. The collected data will be analyzed using frequency, percentage, mean, and standard deviation, while appropriate comparative statistical tests will be applied where necessary to examine variation in the measured characteristics. The study is expected to reveal variations in the morphology of the intertubercular sulcus among the undergraduate students. Differences may be observed in the shape, width, depth, and other selected dimensions of the sulcus. The findings are expected to provide information on the frequency and distribution of the observed morphological patterns and contribute to a better understanding of individual variation in the proximal humeral anatomy. The findings will be useful to anatomists, anthropologists, radiologists, orthopaedic surgeons, physiotherapists, and other healthcare professionals involved in the assessment of the shoulder region. Knowledge of intertubercular sulcus morphology may assist in interpreting radiological findings, understanding the anatomical pathway of the long head of the biceps brachii tendon, and supporting procedures involving the proximal humerus and shoulder joint. The study may also provide useful reference information for osteological research and future investigations of humeral morphology. The study will conclude by describing the morphological characteristics and variations of the intertubercular sulcus among undergraduate students. It is expected to establish the range and distribution of the observed sulcus patterns and dimensions within the study population. The study will recommend standardized morphometric procedures in future investigations and encourage further research involving larger and more diverse populations to improve understanding of intertubercular sulcus morphology.

Keywords: Intertubercular sulcus, bicipital groove, humerus, morphological variation, proximal humerus, shoulder anatomy, biceps brachii, biceps tendon, humeral morphometry, anatomical variation, osteology, radiological anatomy, anatomical landmarks, shoulder joint, undergraduate students.