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CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1    Background to the Study

Education is the priority of any nation’s economic, social and political development. To ensure, this every government is trying day-in-day out to embark on viable projects in order to promote education of her people and to fairly eradicate the massive illiterate ratio. In a broader view, Education is meaning-less when it is divert from learning, which is the ultimate goal of education. In this perspective, learning is an intangible concept, which can be, inferred when a person has a relatively permanent change in behaviour as a result of practice.

Education is highly volatile and dynamic. It incorporates so many aspirations and objectives. It changes the behaviour of man by socializing people and others so as to be happier, more productive, good neighborliness and for good citizenship. This volatile nature of education does not contradict its socializing aim. Education acts powerfully to train the citizens to acquire, maintain and improve societal existing traditional skills, attitudes, values, norms and beliefs. The young become more rational and are encouraged to bequeath the society with better values than it were. Therefore, education is accountable for socializing the younger ones, it accounts for the rate of progress and development of any country (Lawal, 2003). Carney (2002) stated that countries with viable education, peer capital are more likely to have western style democracies. The teacher in any society is the principal executor of any functional curriculum. The quality and quantity of learning experience acquired by student matters a lot in Nigeria today, education is gradually moving from teacher centered where the teacher does all the talking, all the doing and perhaps all the reasoning to learning centered.        
Eze (2010) retention is one of the processes involved in observational learning.Teaching business education at any level requires that the students be exposed to different form of stimulation; learning cannot take place in a sensory vacuum. “As a minimum physical requirement, the instructor must be able to produce stimulus having enough strength and definition to get through to the students for the students must notice something.Savolainen (2009), said from the aforementioned, the teacher place a vital role as an agent of education in the classroom teaching and learning process. Among the numerous responsibilities of a teacher, identification of his objectives and planning of his teaching. Therefore, to achieve these educational goals, we could not isolate the effects of modern office equipment from school curriculum.        
Communication between people is as old as recorded history, but ability to read and understand the language of written symbols has always been limited to relatively small group of people. However, the invention of printing by William Caxton, more than 500 years back opened ways to ideal mass literacy, which gradually being fulfilled from one generation to the other. Nevertheless, before the advent of Western education, traditional education was based on craftsmanship, which made use of hands and other tools, creative, instructional arts, crafts, sculpture panting. Ceramics are also steadfast to the growth of education. In the formal education, there was need of man to grow from his initial environment of teaching in which only manual machines, chalk, chalkboard, and talking were characterized. Thus, a more dynamic curriculum was structured in which the role of modern office equipment was defined. Hence, the use of computers, photocopier machines, calculating machines scanning machines, dictating machines and ICT (Information Communication Technology were innovated into educational culture.        
It is all too easy for computer to be seen as a learning resources in the classroom or solution for students with problems, without clear objectives being planned as to precisely how they will facilitate the student’s learning’ (Clark 1994) to acquire and exploit information within every sphere of human activity. It can be assumed that specific forms of ICT will change with time. However, the need to be able to evaluate and use ICT purposefully will remain the key to full participation in an information society.        
The ability to use ICT effectively and appropriately is now seen as essential to allow learners. The school curriculum already reflects the perceived value and importance of developing ICT literacy and indeed, information literacy in all students. For examples, in the 15-14. Development programmes, IT is integrated into the curriculum. There is also a complementary move towards using for example, multi-media packages in staff development for teacher. Changes on the perception of what constitutes a learning environment have been highlighted in a number of recent developments, which seek to exploit the potential of ICT, in particular. The National Grid for Learning (NGFL 1997). The NGFL concepts of networked access and shared provision of educational resources Utilizing Internet and World Wide Web (www) technology into business education in schools. No wonder, the Lagos State Government under senator Bola Ahmed Tinubu tenure, decide to inculcate the ICT appreciation programmes into the various secondary schools. It is no longer strange for teachers to gather relevant information for the effective teaching and learning. Today, many public and private Schools are not left out in their quest to equip their teachers with the current teaching methods by introducing the Applied Scholastic for their teaching staff both at the primary and secondary school levels.        
 If the above bold steps initiated by the relevant school administrators are accepted completely by the teachers, then students learning habits will change for the better and the teachers performances when evaluated will soar positively. Schools have in the past seen many initiative to encourage greater use of technologies, sometimes locally driven, sometimes nationally driven. Broad band access in classroom is one necessary condition to benefit from new technology for learning. It results in significant improvements in students’ performance in national tests taken at age 16. Overall, evidence from the studies reviewed shows that attainment. Improves as a result of embedding ICT into teaching and learning. Schools with higher levels of e-maturity demonstrate a more rapid increase in performance score than those with which lower levels.Wider Benefits for learners.        
An overwhelming majority of studies reviewed in this report confirm wider positive benefits of ICT on learning and learning and learners, such as motivation and skills, concentration, cognitive processing, independent learning, critical thinking and teamwork. Increased motivation goes together with a positive learning attitude and leads for example to more attention during lessons with students being more involved in the learning activities. The fact that ICT enhance a more student centered learning approach is often cited as among its most important benefits. ICT can benefit likewise academically strong and weak students as well as students with special needs.
1.2    Statement of the Problem        
In the light of fore-going several questions can therefore be formulated in examining how modern office equipment can improve the teaching and learning of business education in schools.-               
-   To what extent are the parents and teacher contribute to the education of their children.-               
-   What is the essential environment influences the uses of modern office equipment in the realization of business education objectives in schools.-               
-   What action should be taken to improve the methods of modern office equipment in schools-                Various factor that enhancing the process of modern office equipment in schools.-               
-   Teachers’ poor improvement in schools.
1.3    Purpose of the Study        
The motive of this study is to examine critically the uses of modern office equipment in business education in various schools in Ikeja Local Government Area of Lagos State, specifically. The study seeks to;
1.   To identify the qualification of business education teachers in schools.
2.   To identify the effects of modern office equipments in business education objectives.
3.   To determine the extent to which the teachers make use of modern office equipment and how it helps to realize business education objectives.
4.   To identify the available (ICT) Instructions resources centers, storage and preservation of modern office equipment in schools.
5.   To determine the extent in which teachers training in the use of modern office equipment and in realizing the learning objectives.
1.4    Research Questions        
The following research questions will be raised to guide the study;
1.  Does the neglect in the provision of modern office equipment affect teacher productivity in Business Education Class?
2.   Of what influence would adequate provision of modern office equipment have in students quick understanding of lessons taught in business education classes?
3.   How would the government policy on the provision of modern office equipment in schools have in the promotion of good business education curriculum?
5.   Would students taught with modern office equipment perform better than those taught without modern office equipment?
1.5    Research Hypotheses
1.   There is no significant relationship between neglect in the provision of modern office equipment and teachers productivity in Business Education.
2.   Three is no significant relationship between adequate provision of modern office equipment and student’s quick understanding of lesson taught in Business Education Class.
3.   There is no significant difference between government policy on the provision of modern office equipment in schools and promotion of good business education curriculum.
4.   There will be no significant difference between students taught with modern office equipments performance and those taught without modern office equipment.
1.6    Significant of the Study        
The study of business education plays a very significant role in socio-political and economic life of any society including Nigeria. This project is therefore doing the right thing as it aims at finding out the position of the effect of modern office equipment in the teaching and learning of business education.This research work will benefit the students by exposing them to the utility of modern facilities and for better understanding on technological improvements and development.The teachers by the findings of this study, will get to understand the need for using upgraded teaching materials and styles for better comprehension.The school authority will benefit from the positive word of mouth by students and parents, which will also increase the school publicity.
The policy makers and government will gain the idea of better formula in the education sector. This will improve the national figure and meet up with international competition.The result of this study will also help the general public to know the importance of modern office equipment and business education objectives in schools. It will also assist the government and her agencies to know if it is necessary to support the use of modern office equipment and how it will be made available in the schools.
Government will also have pre-knowledge of quality and quantity of business education teachers and personnel needed in school programmes for this invention and innovation. This knowledge will equally enable government to put in more effort by encouraging teachers through provision of necessary facilities that will enhance effective teaching business education.
1.7    Delimitation        
This study will be limited to three secondary schools in Ikeja Local Government Area in Lagos State.        
- It tends to seek information on the availability of Modern Office Equipment and how effective are their uses in promoting business education teaching and learning in the area.        
- It shall find out the area of achievements and hindrance discovered with the absence of modern office equipment.        
- It therefore, seeks for the urgent remedies as identified in the study.
1.8    Definition of Terms
Utilization: - It means the uses of something.
Modern Office Equipment: - This is an advanced machine used in business education courses that enhances and promote the productivity of business education.
Business Education Objectives: - This context is based on the aims and goals of business education as a whole.
Lack of Equipment: This means unavailability of equipment.
Realization: - The understanding or coming to know something that you did not know before.
Education: - Is a lifelong process and is the quality of learning which permanently predisposes its improved process of method to the society in general.
Teachers: - Oladejo (2002) Cited Davis (1999) who believed that “teaching is a conscious and intentional effort by an experience person who is equally writing is learn.
Learning: - Can generally be defined as a process in which behavior capabilities are changed as a result of experience.

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