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CHALLENGES AND PROSPECT OF THE ACQUISITION AND APPLICATION OF ICT TO LIBRARY SERVICES

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The acquisition and application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in library services have become essential components in the modernization of libraries, enhancing their efficiency, accessibility, and overall functionality (Bawden & Robinson, 2012). Libraries, traditionally regarded as repositories of physical books and documents, have evolved into dynamic information hubs that leverage ICT to manage and disseminate knowledge effectively (Liu, 2010). This transformation has been driven by the rapid advancement of digital technologies and the increasing demand for convenient access to information (Borgman, 2015). Despite the evident benefits, libraries encounter numerous challenges in the adoption and integration of ICT into their operations.

One of the primary challenges is the cost associated with acquiring and maintaining ICT infrastructure and resources (Kumar & Gupta, 2014). Implementing state-of-the-art technologies requires substantial financial investment, including hardware, software, and staff training (Hernon & Schwartz, 2015). Moreover, the rapid obsolescence of technology necessitates continuous upgrades and updates, further straining limited budgets (Casey & Savastinuk, 2007). For many libraries, especially those in developing regions or with limited funding, these financial barriers present significant obstacles to modernization (Luo, 2015).

Additionally, ensuring equitable access to ICT-enabled services remains a challenge for libraries (Pung, 2019). While digital platforms offer opportunities for broader dissemination of information, they also risk exacerbating existing disparities in access to technology (Buckland, 2012). Rural communities, low-income populations, and individuals with disabilities may face barriers in accessing and utilizing digital library resources (Norris & Purington, 2015). Bridging the digital divide requires proactive measures to provide inclusive access to ICT infrastructure and training programs (Morgan, 2017).

Furthermore, libraries must address concerns regarding privacy and data security in the digital age (Ball, 2017). As libraries collect and manage vast amounts of user data, safeguarding patron privacy and confidentiality becomes paramount (Hannabuss, 2018). Unauthorized access, data breaches, and surveillance pose significant risks to user trust and confidence in library services (Pritchard, 2019). Librarians must implement robust security measures and adhere to ethical guidelines to protect user information and uphold professional standards (Froehlich, 2014).

Moreover, the rapid pace of technological innovation poses challenges in keeping pace with evolving user needs and preferences (Smith, 2016). Libraries must continuously adapt their services and resources to meet changing expectations in a digital environment (Marcum & George, 2019). This requires proactive engagement with users to understand their information-seeking behaviors and preferences (Todd, 2015). User-centered design principles and usability testing are crucial in developing intuitive and user-friendly digital library interfaces (Blandford et al., 2016).

Despite these challenges, the acquisition and application of ICT offer promising prospects for the future of library services (Bawden & Robinson, 2012). Digital technologies enable libraries to expand their reach beyond physical boundaries and serve diverse user populations (Van Dijk, 2012). Virtual reference services, online databases, and digital repositories enhance access to information anytime, anywhere (Xu & Li, 2017). Additionally, ICT facilitates collaboration and knowledge sharing among libraries, fostering a global network of information exchange (Borgman, 2015).

Furthermore, ICT empowers libraries to embrace innovative practices such as digital preservation, data curation, and content digitization (Bawden & Robinson, 2012). By digitizing archival materials and rare collections, libraries can ensure long-term preservation and facilitate scholarly research (Lynch, 2017). Moreover, digital libraries offer opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration and interdisciplinary research (Kunyckyj, 2016). These initiatives contribute to the advancement of knowledge and the preservation of cultural heritage (Smith-Yoshimura et al., 2015).

In conclusion, the acquisition and application of ICT present both challenges and prospects for library services. While financial constraints, digital divides, privacy concerns, and technological obsolescence pose significant hurdles, the potential benefits of ICT in enhancing access, efficiency, and innovation are immense. By addressing these challenges through strategic planning, resource allocation, and user-centered approaches, libraries can harness the power of ICT to fulfill their mission of providing equitable access to information and knowledge for all (Bawden & Robinson, 2012).

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

The acquisition and application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in library services pose various challenges amidst promising prospects for modernization and enhanced access to information. These challenges encompass financial constraints, digital divides, privacy concerns, technological obsolescence, and evolving user needs. While libraries strive to leverage ICT to improve efficiency, accessibility, and innovation, they face significant hurdles in effectively integrating technology into their operations. Addressing these challenges is crucial to maximizing the potential benefits of ICT and ensuring equitable access to library services for all users.

OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

Main Objective: To assess the challenges and prospects of the acquisition and application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to library services.

Specific Objectives:

1.  To identify the financial barriers hindering the adoption and integration of ICT in library services.

2.  To examine the digital divides impacting equitable access to ICT-enabled library resources and services.

3.  To explore privacy concerns and data security issues associated with the implementation of ICT in libraries.

RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1.  What are the primary financial barriers that impede the adoption and integration of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in library services?

2.  How do digital divides manifest and affect equitable access to ICT-enabled library resources and services, particularly among underserved populations?

3.  What privacy concerns and data security issues arise from the implementation of ICT in libraries, and how do they impact user trust and confidence in library services.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be of immense benefit to other researchers who intend to know more on this study and can also be used by non-researchers to build more on their research work. This study contributes to knowledge and could serve as a guide for other study.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study focuses on exploring the challenges and prospects associated with the acquisition and application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) to library services. It encompasses an examination of financial barriers, digital divides, privacy concerns, and technological obsolescence affecting libraries' integration of ICT. The research will primarily investigate these issues within the context of various types of libraries, including academic, public, and special libraries. Additionally, the study will explore strategies for overcoming these challenges and maximizing the potential benefits of ICT in enhancing library efficiency, accessibility, and innovation. The scope does not extend to the technical implementation of specific ICT systems but rather focuses on broader operational and strategic considerations.

LIMITATION OF THE STUDY

The demanding schedule of respondents at work made it very difficult getting the respondents to participate in the survey. As a result, retrieving copies of questionnaire in timely fashion was very challenging. Also, the researcher is a student and therefore has limited time as well as resources in covering extensive literature available in conducting this research. Information provided by the researcher may not hold true for all businesses or organizations but is restricted to the selected organization used as a study in this research especially in the locality where this study is being conducted. Finally, the researcher is restricted only to the evidence provided by the participants in the research and therefore cannot determine the reliability and accuracy of the information provided.

Financial constraint: Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).

Time constraint: The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Information and Communication Technology (ICT): ICT refers to the broad range of technologies used to manage, store, transmit, and retrieve information electronically. In the context of library services, ICT encompasses hardware, software, networks, and digital platforms utilized to facilitate access to library resources and services.

Digital Divide: The digital divide refers to the gap between individuals or communities who have access to modern information and communication technologies, such as the internet and computers, and those who do not. In the context of library services, the digital divide can manifest as disparities in access to ICT-enabled resources and services among different demographic groups or geographic areas.

Privacy Concerns: Privacy concerns pertain to the issues surrounding the protection of individuals' personal information and confidentiality in the digital age. In libraries, privacy concerns may arise from the collection, storage, and use of patron data, including borrowing history and search queries, as well as from potential breaches of data security.

Technological Obsolescence: Technological obsolescence refers to the process by which technologies become outdated and are replaced by newer, more advanced alternatives. In the context of library services, technological obsolescence can pose challenges in maintaining and updating ICT infrastructure and resources to meet evolving user needs and technological standards.

Equitable Access: Equitable access refers to the principle of ensuring fair and inclusive access to library resources and services for all users, regardless of socioeconomic status, geographic location, or other demographic factors. In the context of ICT-enabled library services, equitable access involves addressing digital divides and implementing strategies to overcome barriers to information access.

Innovation: Innovation refers to the process of introducing new ideas, methods, or technologies to improve existing practices and address emerging challenges. In the context of library services, innovation may involve the development and implementation of novel approaches to leveraging ICT to enhance efficiency, accessibility, and user satisfaction.

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